OD(1) General Commands Manual OD(1)NAME
od - octal dump
SYNOPSIS
od [-bcdhox] [file] [ [+] offset [.][b] ]
OPTIONS -b Dump bytes in octal
-c Dump bytes as ASCII characters
-d Dump words in decimal
-h Print addresses in hex (default is octal)
-o Dump words in octal (default)
-v Verbose (list duplicate lines)
-x Dump words in hex
EXAMPLES
od -ox file # Dump file in octal and hex
od -d file +1000 # Dump file starting at byte 01000
od -c file +10.b # Dump file starting at block 10
DESCRIPTION
Od dumps a file in one or more formats. If file is missing, stdin is dumped. The offset argument tells od to skip a certain number of
bytes or blocks before starting. The offset is in octal bytes, unless it is followed by a '.' for decimal or b for blocks or both.
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OD(1) General Commands Manual OD(1)NAME
od - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump
SYNOPSIS
od [ -format ] [ file ] [ [+]offset[.][b] [label] ]
DESCRIPTION
Od displays file, or it's standard input, in one or more dump formats as selected by the first argument. If the first argument is missing,
-o is the default. Dumping continues until end-of-file.
The meanings of the format argument characters are:
a Interpret bytes as characters and display them with their ACSII names. If the p character is given also, then bytes with even parity
are underlined. The P character causes bytes with odd parity to be underlined. Otherwise the parity bit is ignored.
b Interpret bytes as unsigned octal.
c Interpret bytes as ASCII characters. Certain non-graphic characters appear as C escapes: null= , backspace=, formfeed=f, new-
line=
, return=
, tab= ; others appear as 3-digit octal numbers. Bytes with the parity bit set are displayed in octal.
d Interpret (short) words as unsigned decimal.
f Interpret long words as floating point.
h Interpret (short) words as unsigned hexadecimal.
i Interpret (short) words as signed decimal.
l Interpret long words as signed decimal.
o Interpret (short) words as unsigned octal.
s[n] Look for strings of ascii graphic characters, terminated with a null byte. N specifies the minimum length string to be recognized.
By default, the minimum length is 3 characters.
v Show all data. By default, display lines that are identical to the last line shown are not output, but are indicated with an ``*'' in
column 1.
w[n] Specifies the number of input bytes to be interpreted and displayed on each output line. If w is not specified, 16 bytes are read for
each display line. If n is not specified, it defaults to 32.
x Interpret (short) words as hexadecimal.
An upper case format character implies the long or double precision form of the object.
The offset argument specifies the byte offset into the file where dumping is to commence. By default this argument is interpreted in
octal. A different radix can be specified; If ``.'' is appended to the argument, then offset is interpreted in decimal. If offset begins
with ``x'' or ``0x'', it is interpreted in hexadecimal. If ``b'' (``B'') is appended, the offset is interpreted as a block count, where a
block is 512 (1024) bytes. If the file argument is omitted, an offset argument must be preceded by ``+''.
The radix of the displayed address will be the same as the radix of the offset, if specified; otherwise it will be octal.
Label will be interpreted as a pseudo-address for the first byte displayed. It will be shown in ``()'' following the file offset. It is
intended to be used with core images to indicate the real memory address. The syntax for label is identical to that for offset.
SEE ALSO adb(1)BUGS
A file name argument can't start with ``+''. A hexadecimal offset can't be a block count. Only one file name argument can be given.
It is an historical botch to require specification of object, radix, and sign representation in a single character argument.
4th Berkeley Distribution April 29, 1985 OD(1)