roff(7) [minix man page]

is  a  text formatter.	Its input consists of the text to be out-
put, intermixed with formatting commands.  A  formatting  command
is  a  line  containing  the  control character followed by a two
character command name, and possibly one or more arguments.   The
control  character is initially . (dot).  The formatted output is
produced on standard output.  The formatting commands are  listed
below, with being a number, being a character, and being a title.
A + before n means it may be signed,  indicating  a  positive  or
negative change from the current value.  Initial values for where
relevant, are given in parentheses.
  .ad	  Adjust right margin.
  .ar	  Arabic page numbers.
  .br	  Line break.  Subsequent text will begin on a new line.
  .bl n   Insert n blank lines.
  .bp +n  Begin new page and number it n. No n means +1.
  .cc c   Control character is set to c.
  .ce n   Center the next n input lines.
  .de zz  Define a macro called zz. A line with .. ends definition.
  .ds	  Double space the output. Same as .ls 2.
  .ef t   Even page footer title is set to t.
  .eh t   Even page header title is set to t.
  .fi	  Begin filling output lines as full as possible.
  .fo t   Footer titles (even and odd) are set to t.
  .hc c   The character c (e.g., %) tells roff where hyphens are permitted.
  .he t   Header titles (even and odd) are set to t.
  .hx	  Header titles are suppressed.
  .hy n   Hyphenation is done if n is 1, suppressed if it is 0. Default is 1.
  .ig	  Ignore input lines until a line beginning with .. is found.
  .in n   Indent n spaces from the left margin; force line break.
  .ix n   Same as .in but continue filling output on current line.
  .li n   Literal text on next n lines.  Copy to output unmodified.
  .ll +n  Line length (including indent) is set to n (65).
  .ls +n  Line spacing: n (1) is 1 for single spacing, 2 for double, etc.
  .m1 n   Insert n (2) blank lines between top of page and header.
  .m2 n   Insert n (2) blank lines between header and start of text.
  .m3 n   Insert n (1) blank lines between end of text and footer.
  .m4 n   Insert n (3) blank lines between footer and end of page.
  .na	  No adjustment of the right margin.
  .ne n   Need n lines.  If fewer are left, go to next page.
  .nn +n  The next n output lines are not numbered.
  .n1	  Number output lines in left margin starting at 1.
  .n2 n   Number output lines starting at n.  If 0, stop numbering.
  .ni +n  Indent line numbers by n (0) spaces.
  .nf	  No more filling of lines.
  .nx f   Switch input to file f.
  .of t   Odd page footer title is set to t.
  .oh t   Odd page header title is set to t.
  .pa +n  Page adjust by n (1).  Same as .bp
  .pl +n  Paper length is n (66) lines.
  .po +n  Page offset.	Each line is started with n (0) spaces.
  .ro	  Page numbers are printed in Roman numerals.
  .sk n   Skip n pages (i.e., make them blank), starting with next one.
  .sp n   Insert n blank lines, except at top of page.
  .ss	  Single spacing.  Equivalent to .ls 1.
  .ta	  Set tab stops, e.g., .ta 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 (default).
  .tc c   Tabs are expanded into c.  Default is space.
  .ti n   Indent next line n spaces; then go back to previous indent.
  .tr ab  Translate a into b on output.
  .ul n   Underline the letters and numbers in the next n lines.

NL(1)							    BSD General Commands Manual 						     NL(1)

NAME

     nl -- line numbering filter

SYNOPSIS

     nl [-p] [-b type] [-d delim] [-f type] [-h type] [-i incr] [-l num] [-n format] [-s sep] [-v startnum] [-w width] [file]

DESCRIPTION

     The nl utility reads lines from the named file or the standard input if the file argument is ommitted, applies a configurable line numbering
     filter operation and writes the result to the standard output.

     The nl utility treats the text it reads in terms of logical pages.  Unless specified otherwise, line numbering is reset at the start of each
     logical page.  A logical page consists of a header, a body and a footer section; empty sections are valid.  Different line numbering options
     are independently available for header, body and footer sections.

     The starts of logical page sections are signalled by input lines containing nothing but one of the following sequences of delimiter charac-
     ters:

	   Line      Start of
	   :::    header
	   ::      body
	   :	     footer

     If the input does not contain any logical page section signalling directives, the text being read is assumed to consist of a single logical
     page body.

     The following options are available:

     -b type	  Specify the logical page body lines to be numbered.  Recognized type arguments are:

		  a	  Number all lines.

		  t	  Number only non-empty lines.

		  n	  No line numbering.

		  pexpr   Number only those lines that contain the basic regular expression specified by expr.

		  The default type for logical page body lines is t.

     -d delim	  Specify the delimiter characters used to indicate the start of a logical page section in the input file.  At most two characters
		  may be specified; if only one character is specified, the first character is replaced and the second character remains
		  unchanged.  The default delim characters are ``:''.

     -f type	  Specify the same as -b type except for logical page footer lines.  The default type for logical page footer lines is n.

     -h type	  Specify the same as -b type except for logical page header lines.  The default type for logical page header lines is n.

     -i incr	  Specify the increment value used to number logical page lines.  The default incr value is 1.

     -l num	  If numbering of all lines is specified for the current logical section using the corresponding -b a, -f a or -h a option, spec-
		  ify the number of adjacent blank lines to be considered as one.  For example, -l 2 results in only the second adjacent blank
		  line being numbered.	The default num value is 1.

     -n format	  Specify the line numbering output format.  Recognized format arguments are:
		  ln	  Left justified.
		  rn	  Right justified, leading zeros suppressed.
		  rz	  Right justified, leading zeros kept.

		  The default format is rn.

     -p 	  Specify that line numbering should not be restarted at logical page delimiters.

     -s sep	  Specify the characters used in separating the line number and the corresponding text line.  The default sep setting is a single
		  tab character.

     -v startnum  Specify the initial value used to number logical page lines; see also the description of the -p option.  The default startnum
		  value is 1.

     -w width	  Specify the number of characters to be occupied by the line number; in case the width is insufficient to hold the line number,
		  it will be truncated to its width least significant digits.  The default width is 6.

ENVIRONMENT

     The LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LC_COLLATE environment variables affect the execution of nl as described in environ(7).

EXIT STATUS

     The nl utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

SEE ALSO

     jot(1), pr(1)

STANDARDS

     The nl utility conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (``POSIX.1'').

HISTORY

     The nl utility first appeared in AT&T System V Release 2 UNIX.

BUGS

     Input lines are limited to LINE_MAX (2048) bytes in length.

BSD
								 January 26, 2005							       BSD