chflags(1) [netbsd man page]
CHFLAGS(1) BSD General Commands Manual CHFLAGS(1) NAME
chflags -- change file flags SYNOPSIS
chflags [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-h] flags file ... DESCRIPTION
The chflags utility modifies the file flags of the listed files as specified by the flags operand. The options are as follows: -H If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.) -L If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. -P If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. -R Change the file flags for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves. -h If the file or a file encountered during directory traversal is a symbolic link, the file flags of the link itself is changed. Flags are a comma separated list of keywords. The following keywords are currently defined: Keyword Flag Permission arch archived super-user only opaque opaque owner or super-user nodump nodump owner or super-user sappnd system append-only super-user only schg system immutable super-user only uappnd user append-only owner or super-user uchg user immutable owner or super-user Putting the letters ``no'' before an option causes the flag to be turned off. For example: nouchg the immutable bit should be cleared The -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified. In addition, these options override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last one specified. The -o option of ls(1) is used to display the flags. The chflags utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. The kernel does not allow the flags on block and character devices to be changed except by the super-user. SEE ALSO
ls(1), chflags(2), lchflags(2), stat(2), fts(3), symlink(7), dump(8), init(8) BSD
May 14, 2010 BSD
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CHOWN(8) BSD System Manager's Manual CHOWN(8) NAME
chown -- change file owner and group SYNOPSIS
chown [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fhv] owner[:group] file ... chown [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fhv] :group file ... DESCRIPTION
chown sets the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified files. The options are as follows: -H If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.) -L If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. -P If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. -R Change the user ID and/or the group ID for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves. -f Don't report any failure to change file owner or group, nor modify the exit status to reflect such failures. -h If file is a symbolic link, the owner and/or group of the link is changed. -v Cause chown to be verbose, showing files as they are processed. The -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified. In addition, these options override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last one specified. The -L option cannot be used together with the -h option. The owner and group operands are both optional, however, one must be specified. If the group operand is specified, it must be preceded by a colon (``:'') character. The owner may be either a user name or a numeric user ID. The group may be either a group name or a numeric group ID. Since it is valid to have a user or group name that is numeric (and doesn't have the numeric ID that matches its name) the name lookup is always done first. Pre- ceding an ID with a ``#'' character will force it to be taken as a number. The ownership of a file may only be altered by a super-user for obvious security reasons. Unless invoked by the super-user, chown clears the set-user-id and set-group-id bits on a file to prevent accidental or mischievous creation of set-user-id and set-group-id programs. The chown utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. COMPATIBILITY
Previous versions of the chown utility used the dot (``.'') character to distinguish the group name. This has been changed to be a colon (``:'') character so that user and group names may contain the dot character. SEE ALSO
chflags(1), chgrp(1), find(1), chown(2), lchown(2), fts(3), symlink(7) STANDARDS
The chown command is expected to be POSIX 1003.2 compliant. The -v option and the use of ``#'' to force a numeric lookup are extensions to IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2''). BSD
December 9, 2005 BSD