Linux and UNIX Man Pages

Linux & Unix Commands - Search Man Pages

0intro(9) [plan9 man page]

INTRO(9)						     Kernel Developer's Manual							  INTRO(9)

NAME
intro - introduction to raster image software DESCRIPTION
Plan 9 provides a suite of commands and library routines to create and manipulate files containing gray-scale and full-color images. Sec- tion 9 of this manual is divided into subsections numbered like the main manual sections: 9.1 for commands, 9.2 for library routines, 9.6 for file formats. Picture files are two-dimensional arrays of multi-byte records with a textual header describing the dimensions of the image, the algorithm used to encode the file, and whatever other information programs may wish to preserve. Picfile(9.6) describes the file format; picopen(9.2) describes a library of routines to read and write picture files. /bin/fb contains a collection of programs to manipulate picture files. 9v displays a picture file in an 81/2(1) window. Examine similarly displays an image and allows interactive examination of its pixel val- ues. Picinfo displays the header of a picture file on its standard output. Pcp copies picture files, modifying header attributes as requested and updating the encoded picture array correspondingly. It can clip a subwindow out of a picture, permute, delete, and rename channels, change the encoding type and even convert full-color images to monochrome and vice-versa. Hed is a more brute-force version of pcp that can apply an arbitrary sed(1) script to a picfile header. It copies the image array verbatim and can thus convert precious images into garbage or vice-versa. Dumppic, gif2pic, picopic, and face2pic convert files in various alien formats to picfile(9.6) format. Pic2ps converts picfiles to encap- sulated PostScript. Nohed removes the header from a picture file. When applied to a TYPE=dump picture this converts it into the ubiqui- tous `raw dump' format. Mugs is an interactive program to convert picfiles into 48x48 icons of the sort used by seemail (see mail(1) and face(6)). Some commands create simple images out of whole cloth. Card writes an image of constant color. Ramp creates an image that is one color at one edge and changes linearly to another color at the opposite edge. Aplot reads a square array of data points and draws an anti-aliased perspective plot of the surface it defines. There are numerous commands that read one or more images and write a modified image on standard output. See remap(9.1), filters(9.1), floyd(9.1), he(9.1), lam(9.1), lerp(9.1), logo(9.1), lum(9.1), quantize(9.1), resample(9.1), transpose(9.1), and xpand(9.1) for descrip- tions. Moto is an animator's command language. It converts concise descriptions of simultaneous processes overlapping in time into sequential command files suitable for producing frames of an animation. SEE ALSO
Tom Duff, ``Raster Graphics in Plan 9'' Sections add(2), balloc(2), cachechars(2), subfalloc(2), bitblt(2), event(2), frame(2), print(2), bit(3), layer(2), bitmap(6), and font(6) describe the standard Plan 9 interactive bitmap graphics interface. INTRO(9)

Check Out this Related Man Page

RA_TIFF(1)						      General Commands Manual							RA_TIFF(1)

NAME
ra_tiff - convert RADIANCE picture to/from a TIFF color or greyscale image SYNOPSIS
ra_tiff [ -z|-L|-l|-f|-w ][ -b ][ -e +/-stops ][ -g gamma ] { in.hdr|- } out.tif ra_tiff -r [ -x ][ -g gamma ][ -e +/-stops ] in.tif [ out.hdr|- ] DESCRIPTION
Ra_tiff converts between RADIANCE and TIFF image formats. The -g option specifies the exponent used in gamma correction; the default value is 2.2, which is the recommended value for TIFF images. The -b option can be used to specify an 8-bit greyscale TIFF output file. The type of input file is determined automatically. The -z option will result in LZW compression of the TIFF output file. The -L option specifies SGILOG compression, which is recommended to capture the full dynamic range of the Radiance picture. However, since many TIFF readers do not yet support this format, use this option under advisement. The -l option specifies SGILOG24 compressed output, which has less dynamic range than SGILOG, but may be smaller in some cases. (It is usually larger.) The -f option specifies 32-bit IEEE floating-point/primary output, which is the highest resolution format but results in very large files, since each RGB pixel takes 96 bits (12 bytes) and does not compress well. The -w option specifies 16-bit/primary output, which is understood by some photo editing software, such as Adobe Photoshop. Decompression is automatically deter- mined for TIFF input. The -e option specifies an exposure compensation in f-stops (powers of two). Only integer stops are allowed, for efficiency. The -r option invokes a reverse conversion, from a TIFF image to a RADIANCE picture. The RADIANCE picture file can be taken from the stan- dard input or sent to the standard output by using a hyphen ('-') in place of the file name, but the TIFF image must be to or from a file. The -x option can be used to specify an XYZE Radiance output file, rather than the default RGBE. EXAMPLES
To convert a Radiance picture to SGILOG-compressed TIFF format: ra_tiff -L scene1.hdr scene1.tif To later convert this image back into Radiance and display using human visibility tone-mapping: ra_tiff -r scene1.tif scene1.hdr ximage -e human scene1.hdr AUTHOR
Greg Ward Larson Sam Leffler ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Work on this program was initiated and sponsored by the LESO group at EPFL in Switzerland. Additions for the SGILOG data encoding were sponsored by Silicon Graphics, Inc. BUGS
Many TIFF file subtypes are not supported. A gamma value other than 2.2 is not properly recorded or understood if recorded in the TIFF file. SEE ALSO
pfilt(1), ra_bmp(1), ra_bn(1), ra_ppm(1), ra_pr(1), ra_pr24(1), ra_t8(1), ra_t16(1), ximage(1) RADIANCE
8/29/97 RA_TIFF(1)
Man Page