disktype(1) [suse man page]
DISKTYPE(1) BSD General Commands Manual DISKTYPE(1) NAME
disktype -- disk format detector SYNOPSIS
disktype file... DESCRIPTION
The purpose of disktype is to detect the content format of a disk or disk image. It knows about common file systems, partition tables, and boot codes. USAGE
disktype can be run with any number of regular files or device special files as arguments. They will be analyzed in the order given, and the results printed to standard output. There are no switches in this version. Note that running disktype on device files like your hard disk will likely require root rights. See the online documentation at <http://disktype.sourceforge.net/doc/> for some example command lines. RECOGNIZED FORMATS
The following formats are recognized by this version of disktype. File systems: FAT12/FAT16/FAT32, NTFS, HPFS, MFS, HFS, HFS Plus, ISO9660, ext2/ext3, Minix, ReiserFS, Reiser4, Linux romfs, Linux cramfs, Linux squashfs, UFS (some variations), SysV FS (some variations), JFS, XFS, Amiga FS/FFS, BeOS BFS, QNX4 FS, UDF, 3DO CD-ROM file system, Veritas VxFS, Xbox DVD file system. Partitioning: DOS/PC style, Apple, Amiga "Rigid Disk", ATARI ST (AHDI3), BSD disklabel, Linux RAID physical disks, Linux LVM1 physical volumes, Linux LVM2 physical volumes, Solaris x86 disklabel (vtoc), Solaris SPARC disklabel. Other structures: Debian split floppy header, Linux swap. Disk images: Raw CD image (.bin), Virtual PC hard disk image, Apple UDIF disk image (limited). Boot codes: LILO, GRUB, SYSLINUX, ISOLINUX, Linux kernel, FreeBSD loader, Sega Dreamcast (?). Compression formats: gzip, compress, bzip2. Archive formats: tar, cpio, bar, dump/restore. Compressed files (gzip, compress, bzip2 formats) will also have their contents analyzed using transparent decompression. The appropriate com- pression program must be installed on the system, i.e. gzip(1) for the gzip and compress formats, bzip2(1) for the bzip2 format. Disk images in general will also have their contents analyzed using the proper mapping, with the exception of the Apple UDIF format. See the online documentation at <http://disktype.sourceforge.net/doc/> for more details on the supported formats and their quirks. HOMEPAGE
http://disktype.sourceforge.net/ AUTHOR
Christoph Pfisterer <chrisp@users.sourceforge.net> SEE ALSO
file(1), gpart(8) Feb 21, 2005
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NEWFS_MSDOS(8) BSD System Manager's Manual NEWFS_MSDOS(8) NAME
newfs_msdos -- construct a new MS-DOS (FAT) file system SYNOPSIS
newfs_msdos [-N] [-B boot] [-F FAT-type] [-I volid] [-O OEM] [-S sector-size] [-a FAT-size] [-b block-size] [-c cluster-size] [-e dirents] [-f format] [-h heads] [-i info] [-k backup] [-m media] [-n FATs] [-o hidden] [-r reserved] [-s total] [-u track-size] [-v volume-name] special [disktype] DESCRIPTION
The newfs_msdos utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system on device special, using disktab(5) entry disktype to determine geome- try, if required. The options are as follow: -N Don't create a file system: just print out parameters. -B boot Get bootstrap from file. -F FAT-type FAT type (one of 12, 16, or 32). -I volid Volume ID. -O OEM OEM string (up to 8 characters). The default is "BSD 4.4". -S sector-size Number of bytes per sector. Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the range 128 through 32768. -a FAT-size Number of sectors per FAT. -b block-size File system block size (bytes per cluster). This should resolve to an acceptable number of sectors per cluster (see below). -c cluster-size Sectors per cluster. Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the range 1 through 128. -e dirents Number of root directory entries (FAT12 and FAT16 only). -f format Specify a standard (floppy disk) format. The eight standard formats are (capacities in kilobytes): 160, 180, 320, 360, 640, 720, 1200, 1232, 1440, 2880. -h heads Number of drive heads. -i info Location of the file system info sector (FAT32 only). A value of 0xffff signifies no info sector. -k backup Location of the backup boot sector (FAT32 only). A value of 0xffff signifies no backup sector. -m media Media descriptor (acceptable range 0xf0 to 0xff). -n FATs Number of FATs. Acceptable values are 1 to 16 inclusive. The default is 2. -o hidden Number of hidden sectors. -r reserved Number of reserved sectors. -s total File system size. -u track-size Number of sectors per track. -v volume-name Volume name (filesystem name), up to 11 characters. The name should consist of only those characters permitted in regular DOS (8+3) filenames. NOTES
FAT file system parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter Block)" in the first of the "reserved" sectors which precede the actual file system. For reference purposes, this structure is presented below. struct bsbpb { u_int16_t bps; /* [-S] bytes per sector */ u_int8_t spc; /* [-c] sectors per cluster */ u_int16_t res; /* [-r] reserved sectors */ u_int8_t nft; /* [-n] number of FATs */ u_int16_t rde; /* [-e] root directory entries */ u_int16_t sec; /* [-s] total sectors */ u_int8_t mid; /* [-m] media descriptor */ u_int16_t spf; /* [-a] sectors per FAT */ u_int16_t spt; /* [-u] sectors per track */ u_int16_t hds; /* [-h] drive heads */ u_int32_t hid; /* [-o] hidden sectors */ u_int32_t bsec; /* [-s] big total sectors */ }; /* FAT32 extensions */ struct bsxbpb { u_int32_t bspf; /* [-a] big sectors per FAT */ u_int16_t xflg; /* control flags */ u_int16_t vers; /* file system version */ u_int32_t rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ u_int16_t infs; /* [-i] file system info sector */ u_int16_t bkbs; /* [-k] backup boot sector */ }; EXAMPLES
newfs_msdos /dev/disk0s1 Create a file system, using default parameters, on /dev/disk0s1. newfs_msdos -f 1440 -v foo fd0 Create a standard 1.44M file system, with volume name "foo", on /dev/fd0. SEE ALSO
fdisk(8), mount(8) DIAGNOSTICS
Exit status is 0 on success and 1 on error. HISTORY
The newfs_msdos command appeared in FreeBSD 3.0. AUTHORS
Robert Nordier <rnordier@FreeBSD.org>. BSD
July 6, 1998 BSD