roff(1) [v7 man page]
ROFF(1) General Commands Manual ROFF(1) NAME
roff - format text SYNOPSIS
roff [ +n ] [ -n ] [ -s ] [ -h ] file ... nroff -mr [ option ] ... file ... troff -mr [ option ] ... file ... DESCRIPTION
Roff formats text according to control lines embedded in the text in the given files. Encountering a nonexistent file terminates printing. Incoming inter-terminal messages are turned off during printing. The optional flag arguments mean: +n Start printing at the first page with number n. -n Stop printing at the first page numbered higher than n. -s Stop before each page (including the first) to allow paper manipulation; resume on receipt of an interrupt signal. -h Insert tabs in the output stream to replace spaces whenever appropriate. Input consists of intermixed text lines, which contain information to be formatted, and request lines, which contain instructions about how to format it. Request lines begin with a distinguished control character, normally a period. Output lines may be filled as nearly as possible with words without regard to input lineation. Line breaks may be caused at specified places by certain commands, or by the appearance of an empty input line or an input line beginning with a space. The capabilities of roff are specified in the attached Request Summary. Numerical values are denoted there by n or +n, titles by t, and single characters by c. Numbers denoted +n may be signed + or -, in which case they signify relative changes to a quantity, otherwise they signify an absolute resetting. Missing n fields are ordinarily taken to be 1, missing t fields to be empty, and c fields to shut off the appropriate special interpretation. Running titles usually appear at top and bottom of every page. They are set by requests like .he 'part1'part2'part3' Part1 is left justified, part2 is centered, and part3 is right justified on the page. Any % sign in a title is replaced by the current page number. Any nonblank may serve as a quote. ASCII tab characters are replaced in the input by a replacement character, normally a space, according to the column settings given by a .ta command. (See .tr for how to convert this character on output.) Automatic hyphenation of filled output is done under control of .hy. When a word contains a designated hyphenation character, that charac- ter disappears from the output and hyphens can be introduced into the word at the marked places only. The -mr option of nroff or troff(1) simulates roff to the greatest extent possible. FILES
/usr/lib/suftab suffix hyphenation tables /tmp/rtm? temporary BUGS
Roff is the simplest of the text formatting programs, and is utterly frozen. REQUEST SUMMARY Request Break Initial Meaning the current line is stopped. without filling. to be invoked by request `.xx' (definition ends on line beginning `..'). and is not done, if n=0. ROFF(1)
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TROFF(1) General Commands Manual TROFF(1) NAME
troff, nroff - text formatting and typesetting SYNOPSIS
troff [ option ] ... [ file ] ... nroff [ option ] ... [ file ] ... DESCRIPTION
Troff formats text in the named files for printing on a Graphic Systems C/A/T phototypesetter; nroff for typewriter-like devices. Their capabilities are described in the Nroff/Troff user's manual. If no file argument is present, the standard input is read. An argument consisting of a single minus (-) is taken to be a file name corre- sponding to the standard input. The options, which may appear in any order so long as they appear before the files, are: -olist Print only pages whose page numbers appear in the comma-separated list of numbers and ranges. A range N-M means pages N through M; an initial -N means from the beginning to page N; and a final N- means from N to the end. -nN Number first generated page N. -sN Stop every N pages. Nroff will halt prior to every N pages (default N=1) to allow paper loading or changing, and will resume upon receipt of a newline. Troff will stop the phototypesetter every N pages, produce a trailer to allow changing cassettes, and resume when the typesetter's start button is pressed. -mname Prepend the macro file /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.name to the input files. -raN Set register a (one-character) to N. -i Read standard input after the input files are exhausted. -q Invoke the simultaneous input-output mode of the rd request. Nroff only -Tname Prepare output for specified terminal. Known names are 37 for the (default) Teletype Corporation Model 37 terminal, tn300 for the GE TermiNet 300 (or any terminal without half-line capability), 300S for the DASI-300S, 300 for the DASI-300, and 450 for the DASI-450 (Diablo Hyterm). -e Produce equally-spaced words in adjusted lines, using full terminal resolution. -h Use output tabs during horizontal spacing to speed output and reduce output character count. Tab settings are assumed to be every 8 nominal character widths. Troff only -t Direct output to the standard output instead of the phototypesetter. -f Refrain from feeding out paper and stopping phototypesetter at the end of the run. -w Wait until phototypesetter is available, if currently busy. -b Report whether the phototypesetter is busy or available. No text processing is done. -a Send a printable ASCII approximation of the results to the standard output. -pN Print all characters in point size N while retaining all prescribed spacings and motions, to reduce phototypesetter elasped time. -g Prepare output for a GCOS phototypesetter and direct it to the standard output (see gcat(1)). If the file /usr/adm/tracct is writable, troff keeps phototypesetter accounting records there. The integrity of that file may be secured by making troff a `set user-id' program. FILES
/usr/lib/suftab suffix hyphenation tables /tmp/ta* temporary file /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.* standard macro files /usr/lib/term/* terminal driving tables for nroff /usr/lib/font/* font width tables for troff /dev/cat phototypesetter /usr/adm/tracct accounting statistics for /dev/cat SEE ALSO
J. F. Ossanna, Nroff/Troff user's manual B. W. Kernighan, A TROFF Tutorial eqn(1), tbl(1) col(1), tk(1) (nroff only) tc(1), gcat(1) (troff only) TROFF(1)