TR(1) General Commands Manual TR(1)NAME
tr - translate characters
SYNOPSIS
tr [ -cds ] [ string1 [ string2 ] ]
DESCRIPTION
Tr copies the standard input to the standard output with substitution or deletion of selected characters. Input characters found in
string1 are mapped into the corresponding characters of string2. When string2 is short it is padded to the length of string1 by duplicat-
ing its last character. Any combination of the options -cds may be used: -c complements the set of characters in string1 with respect to
the universe of characters whose ASCII codes are 01 through 0377 octal; -d deletes all input characters in string1; -s squeezes all strings
of repeated output characters that are in string2 to single characters.
In either string the notation a-b means a range of characters from a to b in increasing ASCII order. The character `' followed by 1, 2 or
3 octal digits stands for the character whose ASCII code is given by those digits. A `' followed by any other character stands for that
character.
The following example creates a list of all the words in `file1' one per line in `file2', where a word is taken to be a maximal string of
alphabetics. The second string is quoted to protect `' from the Shell. 012 is the ASCII code for newline.
tr -cs A-Za-z ' 12' <file1 >file2
SEE ALSO ed(1), ascii(7)BUGS
Won't handle ASCII NUL in string1 or string2; always deletes NUL from input.
TR(1)
Check Out this Related Man Page
trbsd(1) General Commands Manual trbsd(1)NAME
trbsd - Translates characters
SYNOPSIS
trbsd [-Acs] string1 string2
trbsd -d [-Ac] string1
The trbsd command copies characters from the standard input to the standard output with substitution or deletion of selected characters.
OPTIONS
Translates on a byte-by-byte basis. When you specify this option, trbsd does not support extended characters. Complements (inverts) the
set of characters in string1 with respect to the universe of characters whose codes are 001 through 377 octal if you specify -A, and all
characters if you do not specify -A. Deletes all characters in string1 from output. Changes characters that are repeated output charac-
ters in string2 into single characters.
DESCRIPTION
Input characters from string1 are replaced with the corresponding characters in string2. The trbsd command cannot handle an ASCII NUL
( 00) in string1 or string2; it always deletes NUL from the input.
The tr command is a System V compatible version of trbsd.
Abbreviations such as a-z, standing for a string of characters whose ASCII codes run from character a to character z, inclusive, can be
used to introduce ranges of characters. Note that brackets are not special characters.
Use the escape character (backslash) to remove the special meaning from any character in a string. Use the followed by 1, 2, or 3
octal digits for the code of a character.
If a given character appears more than once in string1, the character in string2 corresponding to its last appearance in string1 will be
used in the translation.
EXAMPLES
To translate braces into parentheses, enter: trbsd '{}' '()' <textfile >newfile
This translates each { (left brace) to a ( (left parenthesis) and each } (right brace) to a ) (right parenthesis). All other char-
acters remain unchanged. To translate lowercase ASCII characters to uppercase, enter: trbsd a-z A-Z <textfile >newfile The two
strings can be of different lengths: trbsd 0-9 # <textfile >newfile
This translates each digit to a # (number sign); if string2 is too short, it is padded to the length of string1 by duplicating its
last character. To translate each string of digits to a single # (number sign), enter: trbsd -s 0-9 # <textfile >newfile To trans-
late all ASCII characters that are not specified, enter: trbsd -c ' -~' 'A-_' <textfile >newfile
This translates each nonprinting ASCII character to the corresponding control key letter ( 01 translates to A, 02 to B, and so
on). ASCII DEL (177), the character that follows ~ (tilde), translates to a ? (question mark).
SEE ALSO
Commands: ed(1), sh(1), tr(1)
Files: ascii(5)trbsd(1)