intval(3) [php man page]

INTVAL(3)								 1								 INTVAL(3)

intval - Get the integer value of a variable

SYNOPSIS

       int intval (mixed  $var, [int  $base = 10])

DESCRIPTION

	Returns  the integer value of $var, using the specified $base for the conversion (the default is base 10). intval(3) should not be used on
       objects, as doing so will emit an E_NOTICE level error and return 1.

PARAMETERS

	      o $var
		- The scalar value being converted to an integer

	      o $base
		- The base for the conversion

	      Note

		      If $base is 0, the base used is determined by the format of $var:

			    o if string includes a "0x" (or "0X") prefix, the base is taken as 16 (hex); otherwise,

			    o if string starts with "0", the base is taken as 8 (octal); otherwise,

			    o the base is taken as 10 (decimal).

RETURN VALUES

	The integer value of $var on success, or 0 on failure. Empty arrays return 0, non-empty arrays return 1.

	The maximum value depends on the system. 32 bit systems have a maximum signed integer range of -2147483648 to 2147483647. So  for  example
       on   such   a  system,  intval('1000000000000')	will  return  2147483647.  The	maximum  signed  integer  value  for  64  bit  systems	is
       9223372036854775807.

	Strings will most likely return 0 although this depends on the leftmost characters of the string. The  common  rules  of  integer  casting
       apply.

EXAMPLES

       Example #1

	      intval(3) examples

	       The following examples are based on a 32 bit system.

	      <?php
	      echo intval(42);			    // 42
	      echo intval(4.2); 		    // 4
	      echo intval('42');		    // 42
	      echo intval('+42');		    // 42
	      echo intval('-42');		    // -42
	      echo intval(042); 		    // 34
	      echo intval('042');		    // 42
	      echo intval(1e10);		    // 1410065408
	      echo intval('1e10');		    // 1
	      echo intval(0x1A);		    // 26
	      echo intval(42000000);		    // 42000000
	      echo intval(420000000000000000000);   // 0
	      echo intval('420000000000000000000'); // 2147483647
	      echo intval(42, 8);		    // 42
	      echo intval('42', 8);		    // 34
	      echo intval(array());		    // 0
	      echo intval(array('foo', 'bar'));     // 1
	      ?>

NOTES

       Note

	       The $base parameter has no effect unless the $var parameter is a string.

CHANGELOG

       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
       |Version |						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|		     Description		    |
       |	|						    |
       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
       | 5.1.0	|						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|  Throws E_NOTICE and returns 1, when an object is |
       |	| passed to $var.				    |
       |	|						    |
       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
SEE ALSO

       boolval(3), floatval(3), strval(3), settype(3), is_numeric(3), Type juggling, BCMath Arbitrary Precision Mathematics Functions.

PHP Documentation Group 														 INTVAL(3)

ECHO(3) 								 1								   ECHO(3)

echo - Output one or more strings

SYNOPSIS

       void echo (string  $arg1, [string  $...])

DESCRIPTION

	Outputs all parameters.

       echo  is not actually a function (it is a language construct), so you are not required to use parentheses with it.  echo (unlike some other
       language constructs) does not behave like a function, so it cannot always be used in the context of a function. Additionally, if  you  want
       to pass more than one parameter to echo, the parameters must not be enclosed within parentheses.

       echo  also has a shortcut syntax, where you can immediately follow the opening tag with an equals sign. Prior to PHP 5.4.0, this short syn-
       tax only works with the short_open_tag configuration setting enabled.

       I have <?=$foo?> foo.

PARAMETERS

	      o $arg1
		- The parameter to output.

	      o $...
		-

RETURN VALUES

	No value is returned.

EXAMPLES

       Example #1

	      echo examples

	      <?php
	      echo "Hello World";

	      echo "This spans
	      multiple lines. The newlines will be
	      output as well";

	      echo "This spans
multiple lines. The newlines will be
output as well.";

	      echo "Escaping characters is done "Like this".";

	      // You can use variables inside of an echo statement
	      $foo = "foobar";
	      $bar = "barbaz";

	      echo "foo is $foo"; // foo is foobar

	      // You can also use arrays
	      $baz = array("value" => "foo");

	      echo "this is {$baz['value']} !"; // this is foo !

	      // Using single quotes will print the variable name, not the value
	      echo 'foo is $foo'; // foo is $foo

	      // If you are not using any other characters, you can just echo variables
	      echo $foo;	  // foobar
	      echo $foo,$bar;	  // foobarbarbaz

	      // Some people prefer passing multiple parameters to echo over concatenation.
	      echo 'This ', 'string ', 'was ', 'made ', 'with multiple parameters.', chr(10);
	      echo 'This ' . 'string ' . 'was ' . 'made ' . 'with concatenation.' . "
";

	      echo <<<END
	      This uses the "here document" syntax to output
	      multiple lines with $variable interpolation. Note
	      that the here document terminator must appear on a
	      line with just a semicolon. no extra whitespace!
	      END;

	      // Because echo does not behave like a function, the following code is invalid.
	      ($some_var) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false';

	      // However, the following examples will work:
	      ($some_var) ? print 'true' : print 'false'; // print is also a construct, but
							  // it behaves like a function, so
							  // it may be used in this context.
	      echo $some_var ? 'true': 'false'; // changing the statement around
	      ?>

NOTES

       Note

	      Because this is a language construct and not a function, it cannot be called using variable functions.

SEE ALSO

       print(3), printf(3), flush(3), Heredoc syntax.

PHP Documentation Group 														   ECHO(3)